Читать книгу Developmental Psychopathology - Группа авторов - Страница 110

Overall, research has been mixed regarding the continuity of attachment. For instance, some research suggests that attachment classifications at 15 months are not associated with attachment classifications at age 14 (Groh et al., 2014). However, other research shows greater stability in attachment security from 24 months to 18 years (Groh et al., 2014). One category that does seem stable is disorganization, in which significant links to adult disorganization are seen as early as 15 months.

Research has sought to understand discontinuities in attachment. Individuals who were reclassified from secure in early childhood to insecure at 18 years of age were likely to have experienced lower and declining maternal sensitivity; were less likely to be living with their fathers; and had mothers who reported increased negative life events, compared to individuals who remained securely attached across development (Booth‐LaForce et al., 2014). Individuals who changed from early insecure attachments to secure attachments experienced higher maternal sensitivity during the timeframe in question. Continuous insecure attachment was associated with less maternal sensitivity and greater paternal depressive symptoms (Booth‐LaForce et al., 2014). Thus, this research indicates that insecure attachment is not a fixed property of an individual but clearly malleable by the environment and experience.