Читать книгу Groundwater Geochemistry - Группа авторов - Страница 125

Electrokinetics remediation (ER) has been evaluated for heavy metal removal from contaminated fine grain soils (Chen and Zhang 2012; Hussein and Alatabe 2019). The ER process contains three phenomena: electroosmosis (EO), electromigration (EM) and electrophoresis (EP). The ER process works on low‐level direct current like a “cleaning agent” including several transport mechanisms as EO, EM, EP, and electrochemical reactions (electrolysis and electrodeposition). It is an easily controllable method both in‐situ and ex‐situ. This method is applicable for low permeability soil treatment and removal of organic and inorganic pollutants from soil also. The EO process occurs due to fluid flow from anode to cathode. On the other hand, the EP process exhibits the movement of the charged particle under applied electric field. The last phenomenon in the ER process is EM, where cations move towards the negatively charged cathode and anions moves towards the anode under an applied electric field. The electrokinetics method has been implemented to remove various types of contaminants like polychlorinated biphenyls, pesticides, and heavy metals. The major disadvantage of this method is that it is not appropriate for removing nonpolar pollutants and this method takes more time to complete the remediation process.