Читать книгу Nanotechnology in Plant Growth Promotion and Protection - Группа авторов - Страница 25

Insecticides may be used against insects' larvae, large, or adult insects and can kill insects in different stages of their growth and development. Insects are a class of invertebrates, including insect pests that kill crops and infect stored grains. Applying nanoscale pesticides can therefore be helpful for managing insect pests in farming, without damaging nature (Jampílek and Král'ová 2017). Kah and Hofmann (2014) pointed out that aluminum nanoparticles acted as an insecticidal dust against two insect species, i.e. Sitophilus oryzae (L.) and Rhyzopertha dominica, (F.) which are major pests of stored grains. Chitosan nanoparticles have shown effectiveness against cotton leafworm (Spodoptera littoralis), oleander aphid (Aphis nerii), nymphs of the spear psylla (Cacopsylla pyricola), and the root‐knot nematode (Meloidogyne javanica) (Malerba and Cerana 2016). Kumar et al. (2014) used a nanoformulation of imidacloprid – sodium alginate to Bhendi plants and managed to control leafhoppers and Jassids (sucking pests). EL‐bendary and El‐Helaly (2013) used silicon nanoparticles to control the neonates of S. littoralis (leaf worm) in tomato plants.