Читать книгу Counseling and Psychotherapy - Группа авторов - Страница 124

The psychoanalytic view of human nature is basically deterministic, whereby humans are driven by desires, fantasies, and unconscious factors that can include impulses and memories (Eremie & Ubulom, 2016). These unconscious elements remain unknown because they are threatening or culturally unacceptable and would cause psychological pain if brought into conscious awareness. Aggressive impulses and sexual feelings are present throughout all developmental stages, and are often repressed (Eremie & Ubulom, 2016). People are generally ambivalent about change and develop self-defeating patterns as a result of their interpretation of both the past and the present. Ultimately, people are motivated to repeat experiences that have previously resulted in tension reduction (Wedding & Corsini, 2014).