Читать книгу Counseling and Psychotherapy - Группа авторов - Страница 126

Additionally, traditional psychoanalysis assumes that personality develops through a series of childhood stages during which the pleasure-seeking energies of the id become focused on certain erogenous areas. Freud posited five psychosexual stages: oral stage, anal stage, phallic stage, latent stage, and genital stage. Psychosexual energy, or libido, is suggested to be the driving force behind behavior. At particular points in the developmental process, a single body part is particularly sensitive to sexual, erotic stimulation (Zepf, 2010). These erogenous zones are the mouth, the anus, and the genital region. A child at a given stage of development has certain needs and demands, and if these psychosexual stages are completed successfully, the result is a healthy functioning personality. However, frustration occurs when these needs are not met, and if these frustrations are not resolved in the associated psychosexual stage, the individual will become fixated and will exhibit dysfunctional symptomatology until this early conflict is resolved.