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The concept of connected devices is a precursor to IoT and has appeared in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) with applications in agriculture, medical sciences, traffic management, and others [25]. After the birth of the Internet, the connection of physical things (e.g., computers) has been fulfilled. Nowadays, the Internet is expanded into the next level and interconnects everyday intelligent objects with each other and environments to exchange data and trigger actions. IoT systems have their foundation in a seamless connection of smart objects and active incorporation within business processes [26].

IoT is a key enabler of Industry 4.0 and realized through the holistic integration of smart equipment, smart systems, and intelligent decision-making in modern industrial systems [27]. This implies the provision of improved products and services using smarter, more reliable, and more autonomous things. The rapid expansion of IoT in industrial applications is called industrial IoT (IIoT) and opens many applications and new frontiers in Industry 4.0 [28].