Читать книгу Sahih Muslim (Volume 2) - Imam Abul-Husain Muslim - Страница 12

CHAPTER 23

NONE OTHER THAN BELIEVERS ENTER HEAVEN; TO LOVE BELIEVERS IS PART OF FAITH; SPREADING THE GREETING OF PEACE IS A CAUSE OF SUCH LOVE

[97–93]. (Dar al-Salam 0096) Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah nar-rated:ⁱ Abu Mu[awiyah and Waki[ narrated; from al-A[mash; from Abu Isma[il; from Abu Hurayrah: ‘God’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said: “You shall not be admitted into Heaven unless you [truly] believe; and you will not believe unless you love one another. Shall I point out to you something which, if you do it, will generate love between you? Spread the greeting of peace widely among you”.’

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، وَوَكِيعٌ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لاَ تَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ حَتَّى تُؤْمِنُوا، وَلاَ تُؤْمِنُوا حَتَّى تَحَابُّوا. أَوَلاَ أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلَى شَىْءٍ إِذَا فَعَلْتُمُوهُ تَحَابَبْتُمْ؟ أَفْشُوا السَّلاَمَ بَيْنَكُمْ».

[98–94]. (Dar al-Salam 0097) Zuhayr ibn Harb narrated to me: Jarir narrated; from al-A[mash with the rest of the same chain of transmission: ‘God’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said: “By Him who holds my soul in His hand, you shall not be admitted into Heaven unless you [truly] believe …” reporting the same hadith narrated by Mu[awiyah and Waki[.’⁴

وَحَدَّثَنِي زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، أَنْبَأَنَا جَرِيرٌ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لاَ تَدْخُلُونَ الْجَنَّةَ حَتَّى تُؤْمِنُوا»، بِمِثْلِ حَدِيثِ أَبِي مُعَاوِيَةَ وَوَكِيعٍ.

Text Explanation

4. The Prophet makes clear that mutual love among believers is essential for true belief. This means that belief is not complete and cannot attain to perfection without love being the main characteristic of the Muslim community. The Prophet tells us: ‘You shall not be admitted into Heaven unless you truly believe’. This should be taken as meaning exactly what it says. None shall be admitted into Heaven except the one who is a believer at the time of death. Yet a person who may not fully be a believer may be admitted into Heaven, provided he or she has the essence of faith at heart. This is what appears to be meant in this hadith. Shaykh Abu [Amr said: ‘Your faith is not complete unless you love one another, and you shall not enter Heaven when its people enter if you are not thus’. What he said is possible, but God knows best.

The Prophet emphatically urges Muslims to spread the greeting of peace, assalam [alaykum, among them, greeting everyone whether one knows them or not, as mentioned in another hadith. The greeting of peace is the key to the generation of love and friendship, and when it is spread within the community it strengthens their mutual friendship, as they raise their slogan that distinguishes them from all other communities. Furthermore, this greeting provides self-training, as it requires them to show humility in their dealings with others; but at the same time, they continue to respect the sanctities of Islam and Muslims. In his Sahih, al-Bukhari relates a hadith attributed to [Ammar ibn Yasir: ‘Whoever combines three qualities has complete faith: to be fair against oneself, to offer the greeting of peace to all, and give in charity even when one’s means are tight’. Other Hadith scholars relate this statement attributing it directly to the Prophet. It should be clear that ‘offering the greeting of peace to all’, ‘to those one knows and those one does not know’, and ‘spreading the greeting of peace’ all mean the same. Moreover, it implies putting an end to social estrangement, boycott, strained relations and hatred, which is something the Prophet described as erasing everything, including faith. When someone spreads the greeting of peace, he does so for God’s sake. He does not limit it to his friends, relatives and people he favours, but God knows best.

i.Related by Ibn Majah, 68.