Читать книгу Sahih Muslim (Volume 2) - Imam Abul-Husain Muslim - Страница 23

CHAPTER 34

EVIDENCE THAT TO LOVE THE ANSAR AND [ALI IS A MARK OF FAITH; AND TO HATE THEM IS A MARK OF HYPOCRISY

[131–128]. (Dar al-Salam 0136) Muhammad ibn al-Muthanna narrated:ⁱ [Abd al-Rahman ibn Mahdi narrated; from Shu[bah; from [Abdullah ibn [Abdullah ibn Jabr: ‘I heard Anas say: “God’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said: ‘The mark of a hypocrite is to hate the Ansar, and the mark of a believer is to love the Ansar’”.’

حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْـمُثَنَّى، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ جَبْرٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَنَسًا، قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «آيَةُ الْـمُنَافِقِ بُغْضُ الأَنْصَارِ، وَآيَةُ الْـمُؤْمِنِ حُبُّ الأَنْصَارِ».

[132–000]. (Dar al-Salam 0137) Yahya ibn Habib al-Harithi narrated: Khalid (meaning Ibn al-Harith) narrated; Shu[bah narrated; from [Abdullah ibn [Abdullah; from Anas; that the Prophet said: ‘To love the Ansar is the mark of faith, and to hate them is the mark of hypocrisy’.

حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ حَبِيبٍ الْحَارِثِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدٌ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ الْحَارِثِ - حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ: «حُبُّ الأَنْصَارِ آيَةُ الإِيمَانِ، وَبُغْضُهُمْ آيَةُ النِّفَاقِ».

[133–129]. (Dar al-Salam 0138) Zuhayr ibn Harb narrated to me:ⁱ Mu[adh ibn Mu[adh narrated to me [H]. Also [Ubaydillah ibn Mu[adh narrated (his text); my father narrated; Shu[bah narrated; from [Adi ibn Thabit, who said: ‘I heard al-Bara’ narrating from the Prophet that he said in reference to the Ansar: “None but a believer loves them and none but a hypocrite hates them. Whoever loves them is loved by God and whoever hates them is hated by God”.’

Shu[bah said: ‘I asked [Adi: “Have you yourself heard it from al-Bara?” He said: “It was to me that he narrated it”.’

وَحَدَّثَنِي زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مُعَاذُ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ، ح. وَحَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُعَاذٍ، - وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبِي، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ الْبَرَاءَ يُحَدِّثُ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ أَنَّهُ قَالَ فِي الأَنْصَارِ: «لاَ يُحِبُّهُمْ إِلاَّ مُؤْمِنٌ وَلاَ يُبْغِضُهُمْ إِلاَّ مُنَافِقٌ. مَنْ أَحَبَّهُمْ أَحَبَّهُ اللهُ، وَمَنْ أَبْغَضَهُمْ أَبْغَضَهُ اللهُ». قَالَ شُعْبَةُ: قُلْتُ لِعَدِيٍّ: سَمِعْتَهُ مِنَ الْبَرَاءِ؟ قَالَ: إِيَّايَ حَدَّثَ.

[134–130] (Dar al-Salam 0139) Qutaybah ibn Sa[id narrated: Ya[qub (meaning Ibn [Abd al-Rahman al-Qari) narrated; from Suhayl; from his father; from Abu Hurayrah that the Prophet said: ‘No one who believes in God and the Last Day hates the Ansar’.

حَدَّثَنَا قُتَيْبَةُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا يَعْقُوبُ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ الْقَارِيَّ - عنْ سُهَيْلٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَالَ: «لاَ يُبْغِضُ الأَنْصَارَ رَجُلٌ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ».

[000–000]. (Dar al-Salam 0140) [Uthman ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Shaybah narrated: Jarir narrated [H]. Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated: Abu Usamah narrated; both of them from al-A[mash; from Abu Salih; from Abu Sa[id who said: ‘God’s Messenger (peace be upon him) said: “No one who believes in God and the Last Day hates the Ansar”.’

وَحَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا جَرِيرٌ، ح. وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، كِلاَهُمَا عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ أَبِي صَالِحٍ، عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ: «لاَ يُبْغِضُ الأَنْصَارَ رَجُلٌ يُؤْمِنُ بِاللهِ وَالْيَوْمِ الآخِرِ».

[135–131]. (Dar al-Salam 0141) Abu Bakr ibn Abi Shaybah narrated:ⁱ Waki[ and Abu Mu[awiyah narrated; from al-A[mash [H]. Also, Yahya ibn Yahya narrated (his text); Mu[awiyah reported; from al-A[mash; from [Adi ibn Thabit; from Zirr: ‘[Ali said: “By Him who splits the seed and creates the soul, it is the unlettered Prophet’s declaration to me that ‘None loves me but a believer and none hates me but a hypocrite’”.’¹⁶

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، وَأَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، ح. وَحَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ يَحْيَى - وَاللَّفْظُ لَهُ - أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، عَنْ زِرٍّ، قَالَ: قَالَ عَلِيٌّ: وَالَّذِي فَلَقَ الْحَبَّةَ وَبَرَأَ النَّسَمَةَ إِنَّهُ لَعَهْدُ النَّبِيِّ الأُمِّيِّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ إِلَىَّ أَنْ لاَ يُحِبَّنِي إِلاَّ مُؤْمِنٌ، وَلاَ يُبْغِضَنِي إِلاَّ مُنَافِقٌ.

Text Explanation

16. These hadiths mean that whoever knows the status of the Ansar, the great support they gave Islam and their endeavours in making it prevail, their provision of shelter and support of other Muslims, their efforts in serving the best interests of Islam, the mutual love between them and the Prophet (peace be upon him), their readiness to sacrifice their lives and property for his sake, and their fighting all sorts of people in defence of Islam …

And whoever knows that [Ali was very close to the Prophet, and that the Prophet loved him, and is aware of [Ali’s great service to Islam and sacrifice for it …

And then loves the Ansar and loves [Ali for all this, then his love is the mark of his true faith and genuine belief in Islam. He is delighted by the fact that Islam prevailed so that people do what pleases God and His Messenger. Whoever hates the Ansar and [Ali is the opposite of this. His hatred is the mark of his hypocrisy and the ill feelings he harbours, but God knows best.

[Ali said in the hadith: ‘By Him who splits the seed and creates the soul’. It is God who splits the seed so that plants shoot out of it. He creates the soul, which means every living creature, including man and animals.

Transmission

Ya[qub ibn [Abd al-Rahman al-Qari belonged to the well known Arabian tribe, al-Qarah. Zirr ibn Hubaysh belonged to the Tabi[in; although he lived in the pre-Islamic days and accepted Islam during the Prophet’s lifetime, he did not meet the Prophet. He died in 82 AH, 701 CE, when he was said to be 120, or 122, or 127 years of age, but God knows best. He lived in Kufah and belonged to the Asad tribe.

The first chain of transmission includes: Muhammad ibn al-Muthanna, [Abd al-Rahman ibn Mahdi, Shu[bah and [Abdullah ibn [Abdullah ibn Jabr, while the second features Yahya ibn Habib al-Harithi, Khalid ibn al-Harith, Shu[bah and [Abdullah ibn [Abdullah. All these were from Basrah except Ibn Jabr, who was from the Ansar and belonged to Madinah. We stated earlier that Shu[bah was from Wasit, but moved to Basrah and lived there.

i.Related by al-Bukhari, 17 and 3573; al-Nasa’i, 5034.

i.Related by al-Bukhari, 3572; al-Tirmidhi, 3900; Ibn Majah, 163.

i.Related by al-Tirmidhi, 3736; al-Nasa’i, 5033 and 5037; Ibn Majah, 114.