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1 Chapter 1Figure 1.1 Intermittent and lumpy demand.

2 Chapter 2Figure 2.1 Bill of materials (BoM) example.Figure 2.2 Periodic review and continuous review systems.Figure 2.3 Continuous review and policies for unit sized transactions.Figure 2.4 Periodic review policy.

3 Chapter 3Figure 3.1 Comparison of CSL and .Figure 3.2 Exchange curve.Figure 3.3 RightStock Inventory Strategist.

4 Chapter 4Figure 4.1 Monthly demand time series for an automotive SKU.Figure 4.2 Demand frequencies for an automotive SKU.Figure 4.3 Demand relative frequencies with triangle superimposed.Figure 4.4 Actual relative frequencies and triangular probabilities.Figure 4.5 Poisson distribution for varying mean () values.Figure 4.6 Poisson probabilities and actual relative frequencies.Figure 4.7 Variance and mean of weekly order frequencies.

5 Chapter 5Figure 5.1 Geometric distribution ().Figure 5.2 Standard deviation and mean of demand sizes. Source: Johnston et ...Figure 5.3 Frequency distribution of order sizes. Source: Johnston et al. 20...Figure 5.4 Logarithmic distribution ( = 0.33, 0.66, 0.99).Figure 5.5 Exponential distributions. (a) Probability density; (b) Cumulativ...Figure 5.6 Erlang distributions.Figure 5.7 Normal distribution (poor approximation).Figure 5.8 Normal distribution (better approximation).

6 Chapter 6Figure 6.1 Weights of previous observations. (a) . (b) .Figure 6.2 SES response to a step‐change. (a) . (b) .Figure 6.3 SES bias for issue points only ().Figure 6.4 Forecast initialisation and optimisation.Figure 6.5 ADIDA forecasting framework.Figure 6.6 Comparison of model forms.

7 Chapter 8Figure 8.1 Standard normal distribution.Figure 8.2 Normally distributed demand and OUT levels.

8 Chapter 9Figure 9.1 Errors and absolute (‘Abs’) errors.Figure 9.2 Non‐uniform distributions of randomised PITs.Figure 9.3 Exchange curves.

9 Chapter 10Figure 10.1 Cumulative demands and forecasts.Figure 10.2 Squared error decomposition.Figure 10.3 (Extended) squared error decomposition.

10 Chapter 11Figure 11.1 Customer demand and forecasting.Figure 11.2 Categorisation of non‐normal demand patterns.Figure 11.3 Categorisation based on sources of demand characteristics.Figure 11.4 Categorisation by mean square error: SES (issue points, ) vs. C...Figure 11.5 Categorisation by mean square error: SES vs. SBA.

11 Chapter 12Figure 12.1 Maintenance generated demand and forecasting.Figure 12.2 Life cycle stages.Figure 12.3 TSB and Croston forecasts.Figure 12.4 Forecasting in context.Figure 12.5 Inventory‐forecasting interactions.

12 Chapter 13Figure 13.1 Intermittent series.Figure 13.2 Cumulative frequency percentages: three‐month overlapping blocks...Figure 13.3 Proportional reduction in variance of CDF estimates by using OB ...Figure 13.4 Cumulative frequency percentages (OB, NOB, and bootstrap).

13 Chapter 14Figure 14.1 Demand transitions from one period to the next.