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Treatment

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Treatment consists of supportive care and antibiotics and is aimed at preventing the secondary bacterial infections that are frequent in immunosuppressed animals. Anti-epileptic treatment is performed as for other types of structural brain disorders (see introduction to this chapter and Chapters 1224). Seizures secondary to CDV encephalitis have been reported to be difficult to control with phenobarbital (Tipold et al., 1992).

Modified-live vaccines are recommended for immunization of dogs to prevent CDV.

Although vaccine-induced disease is always suspected in dogs that develop distemper shortly after immunization, in most cases, the disease is induced by wild-type CDV infecting pups before active immunization is elicited (Martella et al., 2008).

Canine and Feline Epilepsy

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