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In office and residential buildings, access control is often used for the building occupants to allow them to enter only defined floors or areas of a building. An access reader recognizes persons from identification codes (ID) inserted by mobile devices, magnetic or smart cards. The recent access reader innovations are based on biometric identification, such as face, fingerprint or iris recognition. Typically access readers are placed beside building entrance doors or in turnstiles. Security gates open when a passenger wipes the access card at the card reader (Figure 2.4). With access control systems, the number of passenger transfers can be counted and their vertical journeys from origin to destination floors recorded.

Figure 2.4 Access control system built in turnstiles (KONE Corporation).