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In risk analysis, it is important to identify all the relevant hazardous events. The hazardous events may be (i) random, such as technical failures and natural events (e.g. lightning, flooding), (ii) systematic, such as software bugs or erroneous installation, or (iii) due to deliberate actions, such as computer hacking and arson. The term safety is often used when we talk about random events, whereas security is used in relation to deliberate actions. The term total safety is sometimes used to cover both safety and security. Security assessment is discussed in Chapter 17.