Читать книгу Algorithms in Bioinformatics - Paul A. Gagniuc - Страница 54

An insight into the context of biological information is of utmost importance for different approaches in bioinformatics. The first part of the chapter discusses the units of measurement and explains the meaning of some notations used here. A few interesting unit conversions, with accompanying algorithms, are shown in addition to the subject. Next, eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms with the largest/smallest genomes are presented in detail. Moreover, different computations performed for this chapter show the average genome size above the major kingdoms of life, including the average genome size of different organelles, plasmids, and viruses. Toward the end of the chapter, a comparative analysis is made between the average number of genes and the average number of proteins above the main kingdoms of life. This informative analysis highlights the frequency of a process called alternative splicing, which allows certain eukaryotic genes to encode for several types of proteins.