Читать книгу Английский для айтишников. Tech English: Язык программистов и IT-специалистов - Радмила Шарифьянова - Страница 7

Computer networks are made up of hardware components that enable communication and data sharing between devices. Each component plays a specific role in the network, and understanding the functions of each is essential for IT specialists who work with computer networks.

Network Interface Card (NIC): This hardware component enables devices to connect to a network. It is responsible for translating data from the device into a format that can be transmitted over the network and vice versa.

Switches: These devices connect multiple devices on a network and allow them to communicate with each other. Switches use MAC addresses to identify devices on the network and direct data to the appropriate destination.

Routers: Routers connect different networks together and enable communication between them. They also determine the most efficient path for data to travel between networks.

Firewalls: Firewalls protect networks by monitoring incoming and outgoing traffic and blocking potentially harmful packets. They also prevent unauthorized access to the network.

Understanding these network hardware components is essential for IT specialists who work with computer networks.

Vocabulary

Network – Сеть

Hardware – Аппаратное обеспечение

Network Interface Card (NIC) – Сетевая карта

Switches – Коммутаторы

MAC addresses – MAC-адреса

Routers – Маршрутизаторы

Firewalls – Брандмауэры

Communication – Связь

Data sharing – Обмен данными

Translation – Перевод

Transmitted – Передаваемый

Incoming – Входящий

Outgoing – Исходящий

Potentially harmful – Потенциально вредоносный

Unauthorized access – Несанкционированный доступ

Tasks

– What is the role of a switch in a computer network?

– Translate the following sentence into Russian: «Firewalls protect networks by monitoring incoming and outgoing traffic.»

– Define MAC addresses.

Sample answers:

– The role of a switch in a computer network is to connect multiple devices and allow them to communicate with each other using MAC addresses.

– «Брандмауэры защищают сети, контролируя входящий и исходящий трафик.»

– MAC addresses are unique identifiers assigned to network devices for communication purposes.