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1 Are all data ‘manufactured’ in some way or are there some data that we can accept as ‘given’?

2 If a social researcher wanted to measure the extent to which individuals are ‘religious’, suggest how this could be achieved in a way that is (a) direct, (b) indirect, (c) derived or (d) multidimensional.

3 Make a list of variables that (a) are naturally binary, (b) can sensibly be made binary and (c) would be unwise to convert into binary.

4 What type of measure would you use for each of the following?Degree of satisfaction or dissatisfaction with the services offered by the local social services department.Attitudes towards the BBC’s Radio 2.The degree of local support for the creation of a ‘free’ school in an area of urban deprivation.

5 Examine Table 1.1 and consider which variables are demographic, which ones are behavioural and which ones are cognitive. Also consider which ones have been measured directly, which ones indirectly and which ones are derived.

6 Explain the type of measure indicated in Table 1.1 for each of the variables in the alcohol marketing study.