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Before quantitative data that have been constructed by researchers can be analysed using techniques appropriate for pursuing the objectives of the research, they need to be prepared in various ways to make them ready for analysis. In their raw form, captured data will consist of stacks of completed paper questionnaires or diaries, entries into an online questionnaire or records made by researchers themselves. Before statistical techniques can be applied to the data, they will need to undergo many of the various processes listed in Figure 2.1.

Figure 2.1 The data preparation process