Читать книгу Handbook of Diabetes - Rudy Bilous - Страница 37

The most common cause of type 1 diabetes (over 90% of cases) is T cell‐mediated autoimmune destruction of the islet β cells leading to a failure of insulin production. The exact aetiology is complex and still imperfectly understood. However, it is probable that environmental factors trigger the onset of diabetes in individuals with an inherited predisposition. Unless insulin replacement is given, absolute insulin deficiency will result in hyperglycaemia and ketoacidosis, which is the biochemical hallmark of type 1 diabetes. This is now sometimes termed type 1A. Type 1B or non‐autoimmune diabetes is also the result of an absolute insulin deficiency but from a range of possible causes such as monogenic diabetes (see Chapter 8) or pancreatic disease.