Читать книгу Principles of Virology, Volume 2 - Jane Flint, S. Jane Flint - Страница 90

To enter tissues that lack sinusoids (Fig. 2.18), and that have tighter or more continuous capillary endothelial cells, virus particles must first adhere to the endothelial cells before crossing into the tissue. This often occurs in venules, where the flow is slowest and the capillary walls are thinnest. High viral loads and persistence of viral particles in the blood stream enhance the likelihood of tissue penetration. Once blood-borne virus particles have adhered to the vessel wall, they can more easily invade the renal glomerulus, pancreas, ileum, or colon. Invasion occurs because the endothelial cells that make up the capillaries of these tissues have pores or holes in the cell layer, called fenestrations, that permit virus particles or virus-infected cells to cross. Some viruses traverse the endothelium hidden in infected monocytes or lymphocytes, a process called diapedesis.