Читать книгу Towards Understanding the Qur'an - Sayyid Abul A'la Mawdudi - Страница 263

Al-Ma’idah 5: 5

and such hunting animals as you teach, training them to hunt, teaching them the knowl- edge Allah has given you – you may eat what they catch for you10 – but invoke the name of Allah on it.11 Have fear of Allah (in violating His Law). Allah is swift in His reckoning.

(5) This day all clean things have been made lawful to you. The food of the People of the Book is permitted to you, ▶

things” are lawful. This meant a complete reversal of the old religious outlook according to which everything that had not been declared lawful was considered prohibited. The lawfulness of things has been tied, however, to the stipulation of their being “clean” so that no one can argue for the lawfulness of things which are unclean. The question which arises at this point is: How are we to determine which things are clean? The answer is that everything is clean apart from those things which can be reckoned as unclean either according to any of the principles embodied in the Law or which are repellent to man’s innate sense of good taste or which civilized human beings have generally found offensive to their natural feelings of cleanliness and decency.

10 The expression “hunting animals” signifies hounds, cheetahs, hawks and all those beasts and birds which men use in hunting. It is a characteristic of animals which have been trained to hunt that they hold the prey for their masters rather than devour it. It is for this reason that while the catch of these trained animals is lawful, that of others is prohibited.

11 Hunters should pronounce the name of God at the time of dispatching animals to the hunt. The verse under discussion makes it clear that it is necessary to pronounce the name of God while dispatching a hound to the hunt. If a man later finds the prey alive he should slaughter it. But if he does not find it alive it will still be lawful to eat it since the name of God had already been pronounced. The same rule applies with regard to shooting arrows in hunting.

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