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Choosing texts that positively influence and engage ELs and students of color is beyond the scope of this book. That said, the texts we choose are so critical to how we apply the value mindset to everyday teaching, and I recommend readers learn and use Dr. Alfred Tatum’s (2009) approach to select “enabling texts.” For a brief introduction to this concept, reflect on the following questions I co-created with Zaretta Hammond (personal communication, July 4–7, 2017):

 Do my texts serve as a road map to help students socially and emotionally navigate their everyday lives and the world outside of their immediate community?

 Do my texts focus on self-determination and self-reliance? Do they challenge the victim mentality?

 Do my classroom texts recognize, honor, and nurture students’ multiple identities? For example, beyond thinking about one aspect of identity you see (e.g., Spanish speaker), consider how texts honor and nurture the diverse personal, social, academic, and cultural identities students navigate inside and outside of school.

For deeper exploration into choosing texts that engage and affirm students of color, please read Tatum’s Reading for Their Life: (Re)building the Textual Lineages of African American Adolescent Males (2009).