Читать книгу Global Approaches to Environmental Management on Military Training Ranges - Tracey Temple - Страница 21

Laboratory fate and transport experiments are often designed to simulate environmental conditions to ensure the generation of robust, representative and reproducible data under controlled conditions. Often, the dissolution, transport, degradation and toxicity of explosives are investigated independently to isolate the effect of environmental variables such as rainfall, UV exposure, soil types, temperature, physical degradation and biodegradation. Dissolution studies are used to determine the mechanism and rate of dissolution from the formulation matrix under environmental conditions by simulating rainfall [51]. Soil columns are designed to mimic the flow paths of contaminants in soil, and are often used to simulate the transport of contaminants in different soil types and climates [88]. Finally, photodegradation and biodegradation can be investigated in aqueous solutions and soil suspensions to isolate the effect of UV, biodegradation and adsorption, making it possible to identify associated breakdown products.