Читать книгу The Economic Aspect of Geology - C. K. Leith - Страница 2
Table of Contents
ОглавлениеECONOMIC APPLICATIONS OF THE SEVERAL BRANCHES OF GEOLOGY AND OF OTHER SCIENCES
Rock Alterations or Metamorphism
TREATMENT OF THE SUBJECT IN THIS VOLUME
THE COMMON ELEMENTS, MINERALS, AND ROCKS OF THE EARTH AND THEIR ORIGINS
RELATIVE ABUNDANCE OF THE PRINCIPAL ELEMENTS OF THE LITHOSPHERE
RELATIVE ABUNDANCE OF THE PRINCIPAL MINERALS OF THE LITHOSPHERE
RELATIVE ABUNDANCE OF THE PRINCIPAL ROCKS OF THE LITHOSPHERE
COMPARISON OF LISTS OF MOST ABUNDANT ROCKS AND MINERALS WITH COMMERCIAL ROCKS AND MINERALS
THE ORIGIN OF COMMON ROCKS AND MINERALS
Weathering of Igneous Rocks and Veins
Weathering of Sedimentary Rocks
Consolidation, Cementation, and Other Subsurface Alterations of Rocks.
THE METAMORPHIC CYCLE AS AN AID IN STUDYING MINERAL DEPOSITS
SOME SALIENT FEATURES OF THE GEOLOGY AND CLASSIFICATION OF MINERAL DEPOSITS
VARIOUS METHODS OF CLASSIFICATION
MINERAL DEPOSITS AS MAGMATIC SEGREGATIONS IN IGNEOUS ROCKS
Possible Influence of Meteoric Waters in Deposition of Ores of This Class
Zonal Arrangement of Minerals Related to Igneous Rocks
The Relation of Contact Metamorphism to Ore Bodies of the Foregoing Class.
RESIDUAL MINERAL DEPOSITS FORMED BY THE WEATHERING OF IGNEOUS ROCKS IN PLACE
MINERAL DEPOSITS FORMED DIRECTLY AS PLACERS AND SEDIMENTS
Mechanically Deposited Minerals
Chemically and Organically Deposited Minerals
ANAMORPHISM OF MINERAL DEPOSITS
MINERAL RESOURCES—SOME GENERAL QUANTITATIVE CONSIDERATIONS
WORLD ANNUAL PRODUCTION OF MINERALS IN SHORT TONS
WORLD ANNUAL PRODUCTION OF MINERALS IN TERMS OF VALUE
SIGNIFICANCE OF GEOGRAPHIC DISTRIBUTION OF MINERAL PRODUCTION
THE INCREASING RATE OF PRODUCTION
CAPITAL VALUE OF WORLD MINERAL RESERVES
POLITICAL AND COMMERCIAL CONTROL OF MINERAL RESOURCES
DISTRIBUTION OF UNDERGROUND WATER
Approximate Quantity of Water which will be Absorbed by Soils and Rocks 1
COMPOSITION OF UNDERGROUND WATERS
RELATION OF GEOLOGY TO UNDERGROUND WATER SUPPLY
UNDERGROUND AND SURFACE WATERS IN RELATION TO EXCAVATION AND CONSTRUCTION
THE COMMON ROCKS AND SOILS AS MINERAL RESOURCES
ECONOMIC FEATURES OF THE COMMON ROCKS
Sand, Sandstone, Quartzite (and Quartz)
Hydraulic Cement (including Portland, natural, and Puzzolan cements)
GEOLOGIC FEATURES OF THE COMMON ROCKS
Stone for Metallurgical Purposes
Limitations of Geologic Field in Commercial Investigation Of Common Rocks
Composition of Soils and Plant Growth
THE FERTILIZER GROUP OF MINERALS
THE ENERGY RESOURCES—COAL, OIL, GAS (AND ASPHALT)
MINERALS USED IN THE PRODUCTION OF IRON AND STEEL (THE FERRO-ALLOY GROUP)
COPPER, LEAD, AND ZINC MINERALS
GOLD, SILVER, AND PLATINUM MINERALS
MISCELLANEOUS METALLIC MINERALS
MISCELLANEOUS NON-METALLIC MINERALS
MONAZITE (THORIUM AND CERIUM ORES)
The General Relations of the Geologist To Exploration And Development
Partly Explored Versus Virgin Territories
The Use of All Available Information
Economic Factors in Exploration
Geologic Factors in Exploration
Classification of Mineral Lands
Topography and Climate As Aids in Searching for Mineral Outcrops
Size and Depth of Ore Bodies As Determined From Outcrop
The Use of Placers in Tracing Mineral Outcrops
The Use of Magnetic Surveys in Tracing Mineral Ledges
The Use of Electrical Conductivity and Other Qualities Of Rocks in Exploration
The Use of Structure and Metamorphism in Exploration
Quantitative Aspects of Geologic Exploration
Origin of Mineral Deposits As a Factor in Exploration
Lake Superior Iron Ore Exploration As an Illustration
Development and Exploitation of Mineral Deposits
VALUATION AND TAXATION OF MINERAL RESOURCES
POPULAR CONCEPTION OF MINERAL VALUATION
VALUATION AND TAXATION OF MINES
Intrinsic and Extrinsic Factors in Valuation
Values of Mineral Deposits Not Often Established By Market Transfers
The Ad Valorem Method of Valuation
Other Methods of Mineral Valuation and Taxation
GENERAL COMMENTS ON TAXATION OF MINERAL RESOURCES
LAWS RELATING TO MINERAL RESOURCES
LAWS RELATING TO OWNERSHIP AND CONTROL OF MINERAL RESOURCES
Nationalization of Mineral Resources
Effect of Ownership Laws on Exploration
Use of Geology in Relation To Ownership Laws
LAWS RELATING TO EXTRACTION OF MINERAL RESOURCES
LAWS RELATING TO DISTRIBUTION AND TRANSPORTATION OF MINERAL RESOURCES
OTHER RELATIONS OF GEOLOGY TO LAW
CONSERVATION OF MINERAL RESOURCES
DIFFERENCES BETWEEN PRIVATE AND PUBLIC EFFORTS IN CONSERVATION
THE INTEREST RATE AS A GUIDE IN CONSERVATION
ANTI-CONSERVATIONAL EFFECTS OF WAR
Measures Introduced or Proposed to Conserve Coal
Division of Responsibility Between Government and Private Interests in the Conservation of Coal
CONSERVATION OF MINERALS OTHER THAN COAL
INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS OF MINERAL RESOURCES
Movement of Minerals Under Pre-war Conditions of International Trade
Post-war Condition of the Mineral Trade
Methods of International Coöperation
CONSERVATION IN ITS INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
EXPLORATION IN ITS INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
VALUATION IN ITS INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
RELATIVE POSITION OF THE UNITED STATES IN REGARD TO SUPPLIES OF MINERALS
THE COAL AND IRON SITUATION OF WESTERN EUROPE UNDER THE TERMS OF THE PEACE TREATY
EFFECT OF THE WAR ON THE SCIENCE OF ECONOMIC GEOLOGY
GEOLOGY AND ENGINEERING CONSTRUCTION
GEOLOGY IN ENGINEERING COURSES
THE TRAINING, OPPORTUNITIES, AND ETHICS OF THE ECONOMIC GEOLOGIST
THE OPPORTUNITIES OF THE ECONOMIC GEOLOGIST
