Читать книгу 2D Monoelements - Группа авторов - Страница 28

When phosphorene is exposed directly to air, its reaction causes rapid degradation of phosphorene-based devices. Moreover, the exothermic process reveals that H₂O will react with oxidized phosphorene. Both theoretical calculations and experiments have shown that at room temperature, phosphorene undergoes a spontaneous oxidation when it is exposed to O₂. The oxidation pathway leads to the formation of phosphoric acid and defective phosphorene [29]. Besides, humidity (the presence of H₂O) is very important to determine the stability of phosphorene in air. To avoid surface degradation of phosphorene and overcoming the oxidation barrier, some passivation techniques must be introduced. For example, graphene, h-BN, AlOx, Al₂O₃, PxOy, and polymeric materials are used to protect it from mechanical and chemical degradation [28]. Under low oxidation, phosphorene is stable and tend to be less stable when increasing the oxygen concentrations [25]. Consequently, 50% oxidation of phosphorene is the best amount to stabilize phosphorene after a two-day exposure to the atmosphere [67].