Читать книгу Biotechnology of Fruit and Nut Crops - Группа авторов - Страница 21

Kiwifruit plants were first regenerated by somatic embryogenesis from endosperm (Gui et al., 1982 and Huang et al., 1983, both cited in Revilla et al. 1992). High doses of zeatin (13.7 μM) in MS medium were used for induction. The production of triploid plants (87 chromosomes) was reported by Huang et al. (1983), with regenerants having characteristics intermediate between the diploid var. chinensis and the hexaploid A. deliciosa (Oliveira and Fraser, 2005). Gui et al. (1993) also regenerated triploid plantlets from organogenic callus induced from A. chinensis endosperm. Triploid plants in the field showed variation in fruit size and shape, seed number, quality components, and chromosome number. However, correlation between the number of seeds or chromosomes and fruit size was not observed (Gui et al., 1993).

With the same zeatin concentration with LS (Linsmaier and Skoog, 1965) medium, regeneration of plants from organogenic callus induced from immature endosperm of interspecific kiwifruit hybrids was reported by Kin et al. (1990). Chromosome counts of these plants revealed the presence of extensive mixoploidy. The regeneration of plants from organogenic callus induced from mature endosperm was reported by Goralski et al. (2005). Callus was induced on an MS medium containing 23.3 μM kinetin; shoots developed from callus obtained on a medium containing 2.27 μM TDZ. Flow cytometry analysis of leaves indicated the presence of triploid plants.