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Following brainstorming potential options, the research team identified a total of eleven EV products/technologies that could potentially provide exports to distribution grids during periods of summer peak stress. The initial eleven options identified included eight fleet options and three non-fleet options. Municipal buses, municipal non-bus vehicles, school buses, police vehicles, taxis, military vehicles, garbage vehicles and delivery vehicles made up the fleet options, while individual electric vehicles, off-road vehicles and Electrical Vehicle Supply Equipment (EVSE) comprised the non-fleet options.

As pointed out, these technologies/products were considered with the assumption that bi-directional charging equipment will become available to EV owners in the near-future. With this first enabling capability in mind, the next task required us to evaluate those options to determine which option, if any, would likely be available and capable enough to participate in a summer peak V2G program. Key gaps that needed to be filled, included: availability during summer peak periods, commercial availability, the likelihood of having sufficient export capability (determined by the State of Charge (SoC) available in the battery system during peak hours) and the capability of the EV owners (that is, their ability to participate without negatively impacting their primary use requirements/needs). Table 1 summarizes our findings; the prioritized options are shaded.