Читать книгу Digital Transformation: Evaluating Emerging Technologies - Группа авторов - Страница 18

As we assessed the technologies/products in question, certain options were deemed unlikely to help utilities serve summer peak needs, although we did see opportunities for these options to serve other service requirements, for example, ancillary services, renewables integration, volt/VAR support, etc. Municipal buses, for example, were likely to be in use during summer peak hours, but they could also be very helpful in integrating wind power at night (off-peak hours). Police fleets were cut from the list because emergency responders would likely need to keep their SoCs as high as possible, but they could also support ancillary services while plugged in. Taxi fleets were a mismatch in the same way as municipal buses, but could also help with renewables integration. Delivery fleets were cut from the list for the same reason, although some types of delivery fleets could provide some export power if they finished their routes early enough in the day.

High-speed charging equipment (especially on-route chargers backed up with stationary storage batteries) might offer some potential for program participation; however, we determined that it would be best to include them with their corresponding fleets and not treat them as a stand-alone option. While off-road EVs offered promise, the most significant potential involved the use of large-load vehicles associated with airports and seaports (e.g., tugs, ferries, cranes, electric rail, etc.). However, these technologies/products are still being developed and tested in early pilots and demonstrations. After performing the gap analysis, we were left with five application alternatives—municipal non-bus fleets, school bus fleets, military fleets, garbage truck fleets and individually owned EVs.