Читать книгу Kelly Vana's Nursing Leadership and Management - Группа авторов - Страница 300

1 The correct response is: A, B, CRationale:Monitor the patient closely—Correct. It's important to monitor this patient for signs and symptoms of hypoglycemia.Report the error to the patient's physician—Correct. The physician needs to be aware of this error so that the medical treatment plan can be appropriately adjusted.Resign from the hospital—No. Errors happen and need to be addressed and prevented in the future. However, resignation from the hospital because of an error is not appropriate.Complete an error report—Correct. An error report should be completed. This allows the error to be investigated and optimizes the chances of preventing similar errors in the future.

2 The correct response is: BRationale:Criticize the safety practices of nurses and other clinicians—No. The nurse leader rounds to look for safety opportunities, not to criticize clinicians.Look for weaknesses in the care delivery system that allow errors to occur Correct. Nurse leaders are looking for opportunities to improve the systems of care to enhance patient safety.Conduct an FMEA—No. An FMEA is conducted with an interprofessional team to proactively identify potential safety issues.Rally the troops for the next strategic initiative—No. The nurse leader is focusing on patient safety.

3 The correct response is: DRationale:Nurses frequently experience slips, lapses, and fumbles—No. These errors occur with skill‐based performance, not rule based performance.This will help them to punish nurses who make errors—No. Rather than punishing nurses who make errors, nurse leaders strive to create a fair and just culture.Nurses forget to double check each other's work—No. Double checking each other's work is an important tool used to prevent skill‐based errors.This will help them to look for ways to improve practice—Correct. Collecting and analyzing data on protocol compliance will help the nurse leader identify improvement opportunities.

4 The correct response is: BRationale:Mission, vision, and values—No. Mission, vision, and values guide an organization and are part of strategic planning.Strategic planning—Correct. Strategic planning is an ongoing effort to position an organization for the future.Root cause analysis—No. A Root Cause Analysis is an in‐depth investigation of a serious or sentinel safety event.SWOT analysis—No. A SWOT analysis examines strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats as part of strategic planning.

5 The correct response is: B, C, D, FRationale:Never punishes clinicians for their behaviors—No. While a just culture minimizes blame and punishment, it holds people accountable for their actions. Blatant disregard for the rules is punished.Encourages and rewards people for providing essential safety‐related information—Correct. People are recognized and praised for speaking up about safety concerns.Views errors as opportunities to improve health care system risks—Correct. Errors are analyzed to determine what went wrong and corrections are made to improve the system.Views errors as opportunities to improve individual behavioral risk—Correct Errors are examined for human factors and processes are modified accordingly.Makes only managers responsible for reporting errors—No. Everyone is responsible for reporting errors.Makes everyone responsible for identifying safety risks—Correct. A just culture sets the expectation that everyone looks for risks in the environment, reports errors, helps design safe systems, and makes safe choices.

6 The correct response is: AHorizontal and vertical accountability—Yes. Horizontal accountability occurs when the nurse performs a certain way because her peers are watching and vertical accountability occurs when she performs a certain way because her manager is watching.Intrinsic and horizontal accountability—No. This nurse is not demonstrating intrinsic accountability within herself.Vertical accountability—No. Vertical accountability applies only to the manager, not to the nurse's peers.

7 The correct response is: A, B, C, D, EIdentify areas of patient safety strengths—Correct. It is important to recognize and celebrate areas of strength.Increase staff awareness about patient safety—Correct. Administering the survey helps to reinforce the importance of safety in the minds of nurses and other members of the interprofessional team.Highlight areas of opportunity for patient safety culture improvement—Correct. The survey helps to identify where effort is needed to improve safety.Examine trends in patient safety culture over time—Correct. It's important to track changes in the culture of safety over time.Evaluate the impact of specific interventions—Correct. As the organization implements safety initiatives, the survey can be used to measure changes.

8 The correct response is: A, B, D, F, GRationale:Transformational leadership—Correct. This is one of the five key components of the Magnet® model.Exemplary Professional Practice—Correct. This is one of the five key components of the Magnet® model.Information Technology—No. This is one of the six QSEN competencies for nurses. While this is important to Magnet®, it is subsumed under New Knowledge, Innovations and Improvements.Structural Empowerment—Correct. This is one of the five key components of the Magnet® model.Teamwork and Collaboration—No. This is one of the six QSEN competencies for nurses. While this is important to Magnet®, it is subsumed under Exemplary Practice.New Knowledge, Innovations and Improvements– Correct. This is one of the five key components of the Magnet® model.Empirical outcomes—Correct. This is one of the five key components of the Magnet® model.

9 The correct response is: BRationale:Plan‐Develop‐Start‐Act—NoPlan‐Do‐Study‐Act—Correct. PDSA means plan‐do‐study‐act. Some people refer to it as “plan‐do‐check‐act” instead.Prepare‐Do‐Select‐Acquire—NoPrepare‐Develop‐Stop‐Ask—No

10 The correct response is: A, C, DRationale:Value‐based purchasing—Correct. This program rewards hospitals based on safety, quality, patient experience, and financial performance.Hospital report card act—No. The Hospital Report Care Act is a state program that provides consumers access to information about the quality of health care in their state.Hospital readmission reduction penalty—Correct. This program penalizes the hospital if its actual readmission rate for patients with six conditions is higher than expected readmissions adjusted for patient comorbidities.Hospital‐acquired conditions reduction—Correct. This program examines safety indicators and hospital‐acquired infections and penalizes poor performing hospitals.