Читать книгу Surgery of Exotic Animals - Группа авторов - Страница 110
Cataract Surgery
ОглавлениеCataract surgeries have been performed in fish, either with complete lens removal (Whitaker 1999; Adamovicz et al. 2015) or with phacoemulsification of the lens content in specific cases (Adamovicz et al. 2015; Bakal et al. 2005). After applying topical proparacaine and atropine, fill the anterior chamber with viscoelastic material and incise the dorsal cornea with a 2.75 mm keratome (Adamovicz et al. 2015) or a 11# scalpel blade. The authors recommend a dorsal incision of the cornea as it allows easier access to the retractor lensis muscle located ventral and caudal to the lens (Gustavsen et al. 2018). To prevent collapse of the anterior chamber, incise the cornea perpendicular to its surface initially, then with a more acute angle. Extract the lens, which physiologically protrudes into the anterior chamber, “en masse” with a Graefe cataract spoon through the corneal incision (Whitaker 1999). Close the cornea with simple interrupted 5‐0 to 9‐0 sutures. Apply a cyanoacrylate ophthalmic tissue adhesive (optional) to ensure impermeability of the cornea during healing (Whitaker 1999). In most cases, complete phacoemulsification is not possible due to the hard texture of the lens nucleus so partial phacoemulsification is followed by enlargement of the corneal incision and extraction of the lens nucleus (Adamovicz et al. 2015). However, in the case of a sturgeon infected by intraocular digenean trematodes, complete phacoemulsification of the lens has been reported (Bakal et al. 2005). These trematodes can cause cataracts causing inflammation that can lead to softening of the lens (Adamovicz et al. 2015).