Читать книгу Pathology of Genetically Engineered and Other Mutant Mice - Группа авторов - Страница 97

Suppurative rhinosinusitis is the most characteristic and consistent finding in mice with dysfunctional motile cilia or PCD. Ciliary dysfunction reduces the ability of the mucociliary clearance mechanism to remove secretions and infectious agents from mucosal surfaces, which results in the accumulation of exudates and promotes secondary bacterial infections and suppurative inflammation (Figure 6.1). When mucociliary clearance is impaired in humans [20], chronic otitis media, rhinitis, sinusitis, and recurrent infections of the lower respiratory tract can result in irreversible bronchiectasis [24, 25].

In mice, PCD lesions are characterized by accumulations of mucus and mucopurulent exudates in the nasal passageways and sinuses, which are frequently accompanied by chronic‐active inflammation in the nasal submucosa. The high prevalence of suppurative otitis media in affected mice is most likely the result of impaired mucociliary function within the Eustachian tubes. In contrast to PCD in humans, respiratory tract lesions in mice are limited to the nasal passageways and sinuses, and they appear to be completely resistant to the severe pulmonary lesions that typically develop in humans with PCD [21, 26, 27].

Figure 6.1 Nasal epithelium. Motile cilia are present on respiratory epithelium but are dysfunctional, resulting in suppurative rhinosinusitis.