Читать книгу Manual of Equine Anesthesia and Analgesia - Группа авторов - Страница 102

 Describes the intrinsic capability of the heart to increase its force of contraction in response to an increase in venous return.This response occurs in isolated hearts indicating that it is independent of humeral and neural factors.

 Preload directly determines cardiac output when the HR is constant.

 An increase in preload, up to a certain point, increases cardiac output.

 At the end‐diastolic volume, cardiac output will not increase further and may actually decrease.