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C Situations in which difficulty is to be expected

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Recurrent laryngeal neuropathy

 To prevent damage to the adducted arytenoid cartilage it is usually necessary to use a slightly smaller sized endotracheal tube.A smaller tube will also facilitate the surgical approach and may obviate removal of the tube, intraoperatively, for surgical assessment.

Pharyngeal abscessation and lymphadenopathy

 May cause misalignment of oral, laryngeal, and pharyngeal structures.

Manual of Equine Anesthesia and Analgesia

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