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1.3.3 Factors Affecting Photocatalytic Efficiency
ОглавлениеThere are so many operation parameters in photocatalytic process which are listed below in brevity [16].
Table 1.3 List of important photocatalysts for biomass conversion [14, 15].
| Homogeneous photocatalysts | |
|---|---|
| S. no. | Name of catalysts |
| 1. | Vanadium complexes |
| 2. | [Ir(ppy)2-(dtbbpy)]PF6 |
| 3. | [Ir(dF(CF3)ppy]2(dtbbpy)]PF6/Na2S2O8/Pd(OAc)2 |
| 4. | [PMim][NTf2][PrSO3HMim][OTf] |
| 5. | N-hydroxyphthalimide(NHPI) |
| Heterogeneous photocatalysts | |
| 1. | Pb/ZnIn2S4, TiO2 |
| 2. | TiO2 |
| 3. | In2S3 |
| 4. | CdS/CdOx |
| 5. | Pt/ZnS-ZnIn2S4 |
| 6. | Mesoporous graphitic nitride |
| 7. | Carbazolic copolymers |
| 8. | Ligand-controlled CdS Quantum Dots |
| 9. | Ir(ppy)2(bpy)-MCFs |
| 10. | CuOx/CeO2/A-NTs |
| 11. | g-C3N4 |
| 12. | Au-HYT |
| 13. | Ag-P25 |
| 14. | Ru-LaFeO3/Fe2O3 |
| 15. | NiO/NaTaO3 |
| 16. | CoPz/g-C3N4 |
| 17. | Nb2O5 |
| 18. | WO3/g-C3N4 |
| 19. | Sn-Beta zeolite |
| 20. | Acid hydrolysate |
| 21. | TiO2/Pt |
| 22. | La/TiO2 |
| 23. | Pt-F-TiO2 |
| 24. | Cr/TiO2/zeolite |
| 25. | Rh/TiO2 |
| 26. | Heterostructured CdS/MoS2 |
| 27. | Ru-LaFeO3/Fe2O3 |
| 28. | Pt/Al2O3 and Pd/Al2O3 |
| 29. | ZnO-ZnS/graphene |
| 30. | Sn-Beta zeolite |
1 1. Light intensity: Intensity of incident solar radiation is an important parameter in any photocatalytic reaction because the rate of reaction is totally dependent on the absorption of the photocatalyst so that the degradation rate can be increased with the increase in light intensity.
2 2. Nature of the photocatalyst: Nature of photocatalyst should be adaptable to oxidation reactions. For the absorption of light radiation, the different morphologies of photocatalysts are required for higher activity and stability.
3 3. Concentration of the substrate: The concentration of a substrate is an essential parameter which is going to be of use in any photocatalytic reaction. Purity and adequate concentration is required to perform such reactions to avoid the wastage of materials.
4 4. Concentration of photocatalysts: Normally, optimum concentration of photocatalyst is decided after necessary enumeration to avoid the excess of the catalyst so that absorption of enough photons can be possible to carry out a successful photochemical reaction.
5 5. pH: The knowledge about the effect of pH in any photocatalytic reaction is beneficial to carry out the photochemical reaction because pH controls the surface charge properties of the photocatalysts.
6 6. Reaction temperature: Temperature plays an important role in the reaction rate of a photocatalytic reaction for the conversion of organic substances. It is evident from the literature that photocatalytic activity is directly affected by the reaction temperature because the increase in temperature raises the chances of recombination of charge carriers and desorption of adsorbed materials which inturn decrease in the photocatalytic activity.
