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2.3.1.2.2 Wet Oxidation

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As an oxidizer for materials immersed in liquids, wet oxidation uses oxygen. During the process, there are two reactions such as hydrolysis occurring at low temperature and other is oxidation at high temperature occurs [66]. By solubilizing hemicellulose and eliminating lignin [67, 68], wet oxidation may be employed to promote the lignocellulosic content. A number of biomass has been shown to be productive in pre-treating like cassava, rye, etc. Lignin is broken down into carbon dioxide, water, and carboxyl acid during wet oxidation [69, 70]. The volume of lignin produced during pre-treatment ranges from 50 to 70% based on the form of lignin biomass, resulting in 57% being removed. Cellulose conversion compares with just 35% of lignin removal and 48% of steam explosion cellulose conversion under the same conditions [71].

Handbook of Biomass Valorization for Industrial Applications

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