Читать книгу Pathy's Principles and Practice of Geriatric Medicine - Группа авторов - Страница 422

Vitamin D and calcium are required for bone development and health throughout life. The RDA in the US for calcium and AI for vitamin D for older people are 1000–1200 mg calcium daily and 600 IU (15 μg) vitamin D daily and can be obtained from a combination of foods and supplements.³ Recommended intakes for other countries are summarized elsewhere.¹⁰ Consumption of two cups (16 ounces, 473 ml) of vitamin D fortified milk (and/or yoghurt) daily provides at least 600 mg calcium and 200 IU (5 μg) vitamin D. The remainder can be obtained from dietary supplements and the smaller amounts in other foods, such as some fish for vitamin D. For individuals without vitamin D deficiency, the UL for vitamin D is 4000 IU (100 μg) daily in the US, Canada, and Europe.¹⁰

Guidelines for treating vitamin D deficiency and/or maintaining vitamin D status among those with osteoporosis are available.¹⁰ For vitamin D deficiency in adults, oral 6000 IU (150 μg) daily for eight weeks followed by 1500‐2000 IU (37.5–50 μg) daily has been recommended.¹⁰ Recommendations for those with osteoporosis are generally 600–800 IU (15–20 μg) daily, which is similar to recommendations for the general population.¹⁰ There are reports that intermittent high‐dose vitamin D supplementation can increase the risk of falls and fractures,¹⁰ so daily oral supplementation is preferable.