Читать книгу Pathy's Principles and Practice of Geriatric Medicine - Группа авторов - Страница 424

Age‐related macular degeneration (AMD) is a leading cause of vision loss. Risk factors for AMD include genetic predisposition, high oxidative stress, smoking, and poor diet.²³ Dietary factors such as antioxidants, minerals, and vitamins, as well as lutein and zeaxanthin, are of particular interest for eye health.²³ Lutein and zeaxanthin are carotenoids that cannot be synthesized in the body or converted to vitamin A and are in the macular pigment; however, they currently are not considered essential micronutrients. There is evidence from cohort studies for a role of diet in preventing and slowing the progression of AMD. Much of the interest in and knowledge to date regarding micronutrients comes from the two Age‐Related Eye Disease Studies (AREDS and AREDS2) as summarized in Cochrane Reviews.^24,25 Additional RCTs are helping to identify the specific nutrient(s) and other bioactive compounds in the diet that are most likely to prevent or slow the progression of AMD.^24,25