Читать книгу Pathy's Principles and Practice of Geriatric Medicine - Группа авторов - Страница 427

Cataracts also increase in prevalence with age; other risk factors include ultraviolet radiation, smoking, alcohol, and type 2 diabetes. There has been interest in whether antioxidant nutrients might prevent or slow the progression of age‐related cataracts (ARC).^27,28 However, the absence of proof of efficacy led to recommendations in a 2012 Cochrane Review that no further studies be conducted for the effect of beta‐carotene, vitamin C, or vitamin E on ARC.²⁷ Since then, findings from cohort studies with dietary nutrient intake continue to indicate an association of several vitamins and carotenoids with reduced risk of ARC (12 cohort studies).²⁸ In contrast, eight RCTs of supplements of vitamin E and beta‐carotene did not show a reduction of risk for ARC.²⁸ Likewise, in AREDS2, supplementation with lutein and zeaxanthin did not decrease the prevalence of cataract surgery.²⁹