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India is blessed with enormous RE potential. Figure 2.1 shows the electricity generation scenario in India as of 31/01/2021 [6, 15]. RE shares 36.8% of the total installed generation capacity. Coal is vital for India’s electricity security, given that over 53% of electricity generation is coal-based. However, increased dependence on imported fuels exposes the country to higher geopolitical risks and international price volatility [5]. In light of the above concern—along with the initiative to mitigate climate change, which has become a global issue—the various state, nodal and, government agencies in India are promoting the use of RE sources. The most important benefit for RE in India is its untapped potential. As shown in Table 2.1, on average more than 70% of potential is still untapped and the country has a high RE power target of 225 GW renewable capacity by 2022 [16]. The primary RE sources contributing to grid-connect power in India are explained in the next section.

Figure 2.1 Electricity generation scenario in India as on 31/01/2021 [3, 12].