Читать книгу The Holy Bible - Johannes Biermanski - Страница 8
A Love Letter for You!
ОглавлениеA guide to eternal life: God’s Word. Patience, hope, confidence and security to all readers searching their way and believing in the one who walked along in front of them. Who is it? “THE SON OF GOD!” He revealed his glory taking the shame of our sins, our debts, our injustice, our lawlessness and paid the high price with his blood so that we may live eternally {if we wish to do so} and accept his sacrifice. Himself he calls us brothers and sisters, those who love Him and stick by His commandments, the precepts of his Father. (John 17:24, Matthew 12:48-49; Mark 3:33-34; Luke 8:20-21)
Shortly before the end of the grace period and the second coming of the Messiah, this work appears to honor and glorify the Almighty, living and only God, the Father. Over 7,000 times His name was mentioned in the Tanakh (Old Testament), however he completely disappeared from our translations, but the name “Satan” remained unchanged in the Scriptures.
Also in public the vast majority of people do not know the God of the Bible, much less his name. However, the name “Satan” is well known to all people. Satan does not care about the sequence of letters in his name or with which other letters or words his name is combined. The main thing is that he is either consciously or unconsciously worshipped and admired by people (for example Titan, Santa, Santa Claus, etc. - written differently depending on the language; even used with city names, such as Santa Cruz, whereby the Cross [Cruz] was transferred from paganism to Christianity).
One of many testimonies about the name of God can be found in the appendix of this works.
The name of our unique God, the Father, as called by the Israelites and how it is still written in the Bethel Bible and the Hebrew edition, is “YAHWEH.” - Deuteronomy 6:4:
“... YAHWEH is our Elohim, YAHWEH is ONE.“
YAHWEH means: “’I am’, who I am; I am he who exists, I will always exist; and all that exists, exists through me!” (see Exodus 3:14)
In Exodus 3:6 YAHWEH said to Moses: “I am the Elohim of your father, the Elohim of Abraham, the Elohim of Isaac and the Elohim of Jacob.”
YAHWEH, furthermore, said to Moses in Exodus 3:15: “Thus you shall say to the sons of Israel, ‘YAHWEH, the Elohim of your fathers, the Elohim of Abraham, the Elohim of Isaac, and the Elohim of Jacob, has sent me to you.’ This is My name forever, and this is My memorial-name to all generations.” (see also I Corinthians 8:6; 11:3; Revelation 1:4+8).
The preface of the Darby (Elberfelder) Bible of 2004 says: “The main text contains the letters YHWH, during the review the decision was made in favor of “LORD” in place of “Yahweh” (see Exodus 3:15).
In the Schlachter Version 2000 in the second footnote to Exodus 3:14 on page 63 a following notice can be found: “The Hebrew name of the God of Israel (reproduced in this translation by LORD; it probably sounded ‘ Yahweh’)...”
The preface of Hermann Menge’s translation of 1928, says: “I think special attention should be paid to following details, [point 4 in particular:
‘The Hebrew divine name Yahweh (Jehovah incorrect) has been rendered “HErr” (= German translation for Lord), different from “Herr” (German translation for Lord).’
In this present translation* the real name of God “YAHWEH” was reinstated at its old position instead of “LORD” (see Luther Bible) or “Lord”. Also here the Son of God was named “Master” and not with “Lord”. In the Hebrew Bibles, the four large letters “JHWH”, “YHWH” before 16th century, are read from right to left. These letters are provided with small hooks on the vowels serving as a kind of aid for the pronunciation of the Holy Name: YAHWEH.
* Luther Bible 1545 and 1912 is basis of this act.
“This, then, is how you should pray: “’Our Father in heaven, hallowed be your name!” (Matthew 6:9)
The Hebrew name of the Messiah
As for his and our Heavenly Father the Hebrew name of the Messiah was replaced by the Greek translation of Jesus Christ. This is also a peculiar fact: In reality, he was approached by his disciples with his Hebrew name “Yahshua the Messiah” [Yahshua HaMashiach] or with “Master”, “Rabbi”. Every name has a meaning in Hebrew, which is extinguished in the Greek language. Tracks are covered in Greek to wipe out the holy fundamental meaning of the name, because the name “Yahshua” contains the name of God, his father!
The translation of name Yahshua means “YAHWEH saves”. At the same time it is a shortest cry for help of a person who prays to God for help! And the Messiah means “anointed one” (see attachment).
For the Son of God was anointed when being baptized by his father:
Matthew 3:16 LUTHER = As soon as Yahshua was baptized, he went up out of the water. At that moment heaven was opened, and he saw the Spirit of G-d (YAHWEH) descending like a dove and lighting on him.
PFÄFFLIN = ... and he saw the Spirit of G-d (YAHWEH) over like a dove and come down over him.
KJV + EL = And Yahshua, when he was baptized, went up straightway out of the water: and lo, the heavens were opened to him, and he saw the SPIRIT of YAHWEH descending like a dove, and lighting upon him;
Mark 1:10 And straightway coming up out of the water, he saw the heavens opened, and the Spirit like a dove descending upon him.
Luke 3:22 and (the) holy Spirit descended in a bodily shape like a dove upon him, and a voice came out of heaven, YOU ARE MY BELOVED SON; IN YOU I AM WELL PLEASED.
John 1:32 And John bore record, saying. I saw the Spirit descending from heaven like a dove, and it abode upon him.
The dove symbol originates from the Persian, Babylonian, pagan gods system and represents nothing else than: ‘Juno, the dove’.
(see the lecture: “Wine of Babylon” by Professor Walter J. Veith ‘)
In Matthew 3:16 we can directly recognize the usage of our God’s name, YAHWEH is written instead of God.
In this way the true name and the true meaning of the name “Yahshua” was abolished from people’s minds. If they knew his name and the name of his father, they would not worship or prostrate before self-staged gods or deities, would they?
Based on the recognition that the name of our unique God YAHWEH was removed from the Scriptures, driven by the Spirit of God, my conviction grew that the sacred name should be returned to its position in the original text. Today, an avid researcher of the Holy Scripture will still find this name in the Hebrew and Jewish Bibles, for example, in the "Sacred Scriptures - Bethel Edition" Bible.
In combination with the old King James Version (KJV), Webster and Wesley, “The Sacred Scriptures - Bethel Edition” Bible {[EL] Assemblies of Yahweh; Jacob O. Meyer, Bethel, PA 19507} which is written in English has been selected for this present work (English and German translations), in reference to the holy name” YAHWEH “and the name of his Son” Yahshua”. The translation of the Bible by Webster dated 1883 is mainly compliant with the old KJV translation. The verification of the correct names to be returned into the Holy Scripture was made in accordance with the Bethel Edition, the Hebrew Bibles, the Greek Online Bible and the Dr. Martin Luther Bible of 1522 and 1545 - based on cross references from the New Testament to the Old Testament. Below, the reader can find more Bible translations considered for this work... as well as explanations of the verses in the following prophetic books of Scripture: the Book of “DANIEL” and the Book of “REVELATION” by our late brother and missionary Ernst Simon, the author of the Simon Bible.
Here is a quotation of the evangelist and scientist Prof. Walter J. Veith from South Africa:
“The 'Book of Daniel’ is the key to the 'Book of Revelation’!”
Any reader should study the statements made by Ernst Simon in the Book of ‘Daniel’ and the Book of ‘Revelation’, verify and think about it - also about his own short life - and finally make his decision. For God knows that a human is going to stay on Earth just very short.
Psalm 103:15 As for man, his days are as grass: as a flower of the field, so he flourishes
Psalm 103:16 For the wind passes over it, and it is gone; and the place of it shall know it no more.
Ecclesiastes 9:5 For the living know hat they shall die: but the dead know not anything, neither have they any more a reward; for the memory of them is forgotten.
Furthermore it is written that:
Psalm 103:17 But the mercy of YAHWEH is from everlasting to everlasting upon them that fear him, and his righteousness to children’s children;
Psalm 103:18 To such as keep his covenant, and to those that remember his commandments to do them.
We would like to apologize in advance to the English-speaking readers for the lack of partial translations of the declarations into English.
The most difficult task was to reintroduce the sacred name YAHWEH in the New Testament, since “L-rd” is used for both YAHWEH [for YAHWEH Elohim], the Father, and for our Master Yahshua the Messiah. The old Bibles still contain cross-references to the Old Testament, from which it can be recognized that it is mostly the Father who is concerned. After studying the issue of Trinity and on the basis of the Holy Scripture by Dr. Martin Luther dated 1545 and the translation by Hermann Menge, I was getting clearer and clearer that in the first centuries after the death of the beloved disciple John, the system of the Doctrine of Trinity has slowly been built up and after the councils in the years 325 and 381 until 1798 any kind of resistance was restrained without remorse. This system of the human doctrine may be detected only with a preconceived body of thought when reading the Holy Scripture, i.e. be interpreted into the Holy Scripture, also the statement that Jesus Christ is God himself. So, God would have died on the cross/ torture stake and any faith would have been invalid, that is, in vain! - To put it another way: Christ, the Messiah, was only half dead, the human part died, whereas the divine part lived on. That means he was half dead! - This statement goes towards spiritualism.
An intelligent man who can see things clearly and sharply will continually take offence at this pagan human doctrine and state that the removal of the name “YAHWEH” from the Holy Scripture had the only sense to support the doctrine of the Trinity with ongoing changes (distortions) in the first centuries and represent this system as a secret. The Holy Scripture, both Old and New Testament, was developed/ raised from YAHWEH’s Spirit as an overarching, toothed, interwoven system and written down in their own words by the prophets, inspired by YAHWEH’s Spirit, who were previously chosen by YAHWEH himself. It is written:
2 Peter 1:20 Knowing this first, that no prophecy of Scripture is of any private interpretation.
2 Peter 1:21 For the prophecy came not in old time by the will of man: but holy men of YAHWEH spoke as they were moved by the holy Spirit.
Revelation 19:10 And I fell at his feet to worship him. And he said to me, See you do it not: I am your fellowservant and of your brethren that have the testimony of Yahshua: worship YAHWEH: for the testimony of Yahshua is the Spirit of prophecy.
It is curious that in the system of doctrine of the Trinity where the Holy Spirit was made to a person named “Holy Spirit”, the Father himself was even made to a SPIRITLESS GOD. For if the Holy Spirit is personalized (the Holy Spirit has done this and that) then the Father is subject to dull spiritless existence. It is strange, very strange. Still, the Holy Scripture has been written for all people by the prophets of God! The human doctrines that have been introduced since the fourth century denigrate the word YAHWEH’s in its clarity. That has been also so before the first coming of our Master Yahshua in Israel occupied by the Romans, as the word of YAHWEH as well as the rules to be followed by the faithful were made impossible and as tightened in the interpretation of the high scholars, the Pharisees, Sadducees, chief priests, that it was very difficult for the faithful to fulfill all these requirements. A system that had turned into a system of rule.
Since the first century many people worldwide have been denounced for their faith, persecuted and killed because they have been accepting the Holy Scripture, the Word of YAHWEH, as the only legitimate benchmark and have distanced themselves from human teachings which are contrary to the Scriptures.
The basic principle is:
“Whoever either kills or murders a person or gives an order for murder to state institutions, special facilities, special units is a murderer: “The spirit of Satan in this human has come to its full expression!’”
“Whoever smokes, takes drugs!”
Here is another remark that is not preached in the churches, like it should be:
“Whoever SMOKES, takes drugs - including ALCOHOL, abuses and corrupts his body, which is the temple of the Holy Spirit [i.e. the temple of God], will be ruined by God himself.”
These people put themselves under the control of a different spirit coming from below, not from above.
1 Corinthians 6:19 What? Know you not that your body is a temple of the holy Spirit which is in you, which you have from YAHWEH? And you are not your own;
1 Corinthians 6:20 For you are bought with a price: therefore glorify YAHWEH in your body, and in your Spirit, which are Elohim (YAHWEH).
1 Corinthians 3:17 If any man destroys the temple of YAHWEH, him shall YAHWEH destroy; for the temple of YAHWEH is holy, which temple you are.
Smoking tobacco.
Tobacco is a slow, treacherous, but a very vicious poison. In whatever form it is used, it has an effect on the entire body. The more it is dangerous because its effects are first slowly and barely perceivable. It excites and after that paralyzes the nerves. It weakens and befuddles the brain. Our nerves are usually attacked stronger than numbing beverages. Tobacco and its consequences are difficult to eradicate from the system. Its use awakens our thirst for strong drinks and in many cases it is the cause of drunkenness.
The use of tobacco is detrimental, costly, dirty, stains the one who uses it and harasses other people. One can come across its followers everywhere... It is unpleasant and unhealthy to stay in a railway car or a room where air is filled with alcohol and tobacco smells...
Tobacco use is doing unspeakable harm to children and young people. The unhealthy habits of past generations exert their effects on children and youth of today. Mental incapacity, physical weakness, disordered nerves, and unnatural desire are inherited from parents to their children. The same habits of the children multiply the evil and propagate it. Physical, mental and moral deterioration, which gives so much cause to concern, is in no small measure attributable to that.
Boys begin smoking tobacco at a very early age. If this becomes a habit at a time where body and mind are particularly susceptible to the consequences, the body power is undermined, the body becomes stunted, the mind is addled and the moral is poisoned...
No human needs tobacco, but countless numbers of people collapse due to the lack of means, which are rather than wasted if used.”
“Intoxicating beverages.”
~ Ephesians 5:18; Titus 2:3; Proverbs 9:4-6; 20:1; 23:20, 29-35 ~
No human hand has ever designed an accurate picture of slaveryand humiliation of the victims of intoxicating beverages. Subjugated, humiliated, they awake in a feeling of misery, they are powerless to get out of these tights; they will 'require the same again and again.'
No proof is necessary to show the severe impact of intoxication on the drinker. The befuddled, bewitched, human wrecks - souls for whom Christ died and angels cry about - are everywhere. They are the shame, the curse and the bane of the country.
Who can imagine the misery, the agony, the despair hidden in drunkards’ homes? Just think of women, often well-educated, sensitive, built-up and accustomed to a more refined way of life, who are allied with men who turned into drunkards or a demons due to drinking...
Intoxication is generated by wine, beer and cider to the same extent as by stronger drinks. The enjoyment of these beverages gives taste for stronger ones, thus resulting in drunkenness. Moderate drinking is the school where men are educated for the career of a drunkard. But the influence of these mild stimulants is so insidious that the path to drunkenness is entered before the victim even suspects any danger ...
In the Old Testament Christ gave the warning to the people of Israel: “Wine is a mocker, strong drink is raging: and whosoever is deceived thereby is not wise.” (Proverbs 20:1) ... Tea, coffee and similar beverages, tend in the same direction as alcohol, spirits and tobacco and in some cases, it is equally hard to break the habit, as it is for the drinkers to give up consuming intoxicating beverages. Those who try to give up these irritants will miss them for some time and suffer without them. But they will overcome the desire by their power of endurance no longer feeling a lack thereof. Nature may require some time to recover from the suffered injury, but you should give her a chance, and it will rise again and do its work well and willingly.
from “The Ministry of Healing,” by EG White, 1907, p. 334-339, 342
Why does the German translation say “God” and the English translation, the Bethel Edition, is “Elohim” instead of “God”?
This is a problematic case. It’s about the name “Elohim.” In most Bibles the word “Elohim” is translated as “God” directly. Unfortunately this is not an accurate and correct translation. The difficulty lies in the translation from the Hebrew, Aramaic text into German, English and other languages where we deal with word-for-word translations, also as far as the word “Elohim” is concerned. However, this word has many meanings, whereby due to these options and consequential difficulties in the meaning and thus in the translation, the reader should be aware that one should leave the word “Elohim" as it is written.
The word “Elohim” has been put in its original position. In the present work the name for God is also “El”, “Eloah” and “Yah,” which are all short descriptions of his title or his name. An interpretation that Jesus/ Yahshua is called by the name of YAHWEH is to reject as fundamentally wrong and to declare as misleading and God vilifying. This interpretation has the sole purpose to present the Master Jesus/ Yahshua as God and herewith destroying the personal relationship of the Father and the Son. This is a contradiction which will come up again and again on reading the Scriptures. (Hebrews 10:7; Psalm 40:6-8)
As we can see from the scripts “Yahweh’s Assembly in Yahshua” (see attachment), the letter “J” was for the first time introduced in the Middle Age. To allow better reading and pronouncing of the names to the reader, the letter “J” has been kept in the German part: "JAHWEH" and "Jahschua". In the English part, the old spelling “Y” of the names "YAHWEH" and "Yahshua" was reinstated.
2 Kings 4:42 And there came a man from Baal-Shalisha (translated from Hebrew = Lord/ Master of the Trinity, a Truine God!), And brought the man of Elohim bread of the first-fruits, twenty loaves of barley, and full ears of grain in his sack. And he said, Give it to the people that they may eat.
Explanation by an editor: “There came a man who worships the God Baal-Shalisha or written differently: Baal-Salisa, i.e. a pagan God, and brought the man of the living God bread of the first-fruits. The reader can hereby recognize that these are two different Gods. Translated from Hebrew the word ‘Baal’ means ‘the Lord’ or else written ‘the LORD’. The Hebrew word ‘Shalisha’ or in other Bible translations written as: ‘Salisa’ interestingly means ‘Lord or LORD of the Trinity, a Truine God’:
This means nothing other than that the doctrine of the Trinity - a Gods’ system also called ‘The Triads’. It’s all one and the same.”
Experiment: Should the written word ‘LORD’ or spelled differently as: ‘LOrd’ or ‘Lord’ (standing for the Father in the most Bibles) be removed from most existing Bibles and replaced by the Hebrew word ‘Baal’, the reader can see that in reality, the existing Bibles serve to worship God of the sun “Baal,” “Sun worship system of Baal,” who could not be anything else but ‘Lucifer’, say ‘Satan’.
To analyze all this, the result, the synthesis is:
“Not the living God YAHWEH, YAHWEH Elohim, our true Father in heaven, gets the true worship in the existing Bibles by the name LORD (standing for Father), but his opponent - called’ Satan ‘.
Every person should think about this result using his clear mind and take a decision whom he is going to worship in future.
The German word „Herr“ is predominantly translated in English as ‘Lord’. In its verbal explanations The Bethel Bible Edition comments as follows:
a) ‘lord’:
- A common term for ‘master, ruler.’ Its use is equated with that of the Hebrew word ‘baal’ – a pagan, unacceptable word to True Worship and abhorred by YAHWEH.
b) ‘LORD’:
- in the KJV (King James Version), supposed translation of the Tetragrammaton, the four-letter Hebrew proper noun which is the revealed personal Name of the Heavenly Father, Yahweh, arrived at by transliteration of the Name from the Hebrew. Properly substitute Yahweh when reading.
On revision of the translation by Dr. Martin Luther, the words “wicked, wickedness” could be found in many verses. However, in retrospect it has to be noted that the term “lawless and lawlessness” would be more appropriate, see also Elberfeld Bible of 1871.
Reason: Everyone in this world has a god, whether a football god or other gods, a human puts himself, cars and other values at the top position hereby downgrading the priority of the living God, even being convinced: “There is no God.” Since the law, WRITTEN WITH THE FINGER OF ELOHIM, existed already on the day of creation and was revealed to Israel in writing first on Mount Sinai, and the King Solomon explained very clearly in Ecclesiastes chapter 12, verses 13 and 14 that the commandments of YAHWEH Elohim, His law, have to be kept by everyone, all those people who do not observe the commandments are to be called lawless.
So I wish all of those who do not believe in the Son of God that one day they would realize the existence of the living God and not receive the plagues for their disobedience and their lawlessness, and thus may be granted eternal life, if this should correspond to the will of YAHWEH, the Elohim of hosts/ YAHWEH Sabaoth. For he knows our hearts, our deepest thoughts, “for God is pure light!” So, repent for, confess your sins and love the Master Yahshua. - Do not love the world [and do not find yourself in secret organizations]! For friendship with the world, means hostility with God!
(1 John 1:5; 5:13; Galatians 3:10; Deuteronomy 27:26, 1 John 2:15; James 4:4)
“For You are blessed, O YAHWEH {1 Corinthians 1:31}, for all your goodness and mercy and for Your blessing upon this work in the last time of grace before the plagues of the seven bowls will descend upon the world- ‘the final expression of your anger’. (Revelation 18:3-4) We are at the end of the world’s history just before the second coming of your Son Yahshua the Messiah.
‘Who should pull us out of your hands? All who love you, O YAHWEH, are under your wings, under the arms of the Almighty! Who should separate us from Your love! Be it the celestial powers, the forces, the world leaders of this darkness, the underworld, the army of evil spirits in the heavenly places, you’ll shrink them all! Be it the powers of darkness, which get people depressed, people who do not know you - you will keep safe your people, spiritual people of Israel from this disease created by the hands of Satan. Hallelujah!
“In the name of Yahshua the Messiah, you are blessed forever and ever. Amen.”
{Daniel 12:1; Malachi 3:16, Ephesians 6:12, Revelation 20:12+15, 21:27, 22:18-19}
Mosbach (Baden) in Germany, July 2020
John Biermanski in the Master Yahshua the Messiah
“Pilgrims at all seasons resorted to the shrine of the virgin; but at the great yearly festival of its consecration multitudes came from all parts of Switzerland, and even from France and Germany. Zwingli, greatly afflicted at the sight, seized the opportunity to proclaim liberty through the gospel to these bond-slaves of superstition.
"Think not," he said, "that God is in this temple more than in any other part of creation. Wherever he has fixed your dwelling he encompasses you and hears you. ... What power can there be in unprofitable works, weary pilgrimages, offerings, {images}, prayers to the virgin and the saints, to secure (for) you the favor of God? ... What signify the multiplying of words in prayer? What efficacy in the cowl or shaven crown, or priestly garments falling, and adorned with gold? {What efficacy has a glossy cowl, a smooth-shorn head, a long and flowing robe, or gold-embroidered slippers?} God looks at the heart - and our heart is far off from God." "Christ," he said, "who offered himself on the cross once for all, is the sacrifice and victim that satisfies for all eternity, for the sins of all believers."
from: “The great controversy between Christ and Satan during the Christian dispensation,” by Mrs. E. G. White, Pacific Press Publishing Company, Oakland, Cal., 1888; see also 1911: {...}, pp. 174, 175
“In seeking to cast contempt upon the divine statutes, Satan has perverted the doctrines of the Bible, and errors have thus become incorporated into the faith of thousands who profess to believe the Scriptures. The last great conflict between truth and error is but the final struggle of the long-standing controversy concerning the law of God. Upon this battle we are now entering, - a battle between the laws of men and the precepts of Jehovah {YAHWEH}, between the religion of the Bible and the religion of fable and tradition.”
from: “The great controversy between Christ and Satan during the Christian dispensation,” by Mrs. E. G. White, Pacific Press Publishing Company, Oakland, Cal., 1888, (see also 1911), pp. 582; editor {...}
“It is one of the leading doctrines of Romanism that the pope is the visible head of the universal church of Christ, invested with supreme authority over bishops and pastors in all parts of the world. More than this, the pope has arrogated the very titles of Deity {God}. He styles himself “Lord God the Pope," assumes infallibility and demands that all men pay him homage. Thus the same claim urged by Satan in the wilderness of temptation is still urged by him through the Church of Rome, and vast numbers are ready to yield him homage.
But those who fear and reverence God meet this Heaven-daring assumption as Christ met the solicitations of the wily foe: "Thou shalt worship the Lord thy God {YAHWEH your Elohim}, and Him only shalt thou serve." Luke 4:8. God has never given a hint in his Word that he has appointed any man to be the head of the church. The doctrine of papal supremacy is directly opposed to the teachings of the Scriptures. The pope can have no power over Christ's church except by usurpation.”
from: “The great controversy between Christ and Satan during the Christian dispensation,” by Mrs. E. G. White, Pacific Press Publishing Company, Oakland, Cal., 1888, (see also 1911), pp. 50, 51; editor {...}
"Great is Thy faithfulness," O El my Father,
There his no shadow of turning with Thee;
Thou changest not, Thy compassions, they fail not;
As Thou hast been Thou forever wilt be.
Refrain:
"Great is Thy faithfulness! Great is Thy faithfulness!"
Morning by morning new mercies I see;
All I have needed Thy hand hath provided,
"Great is Thy faithfulness!" YAHWEH to me!
Summer and winter, and springtime and harvest,
Sun, moon, and stars in their courses above,
Join with all nature in manifold witness
To Thy great faithfulness, mercy, and love.
Refrain:
Pardon for sin and (a) peace that endureth,
Thy own dear presence to cheer and to guide;
Strength for today and bright hope for tomorrow,
Blessings all mine, With ten thousand beside!
Refrain:
taken from: Hymns of the Christian Life, 1936. Hope Pub., 1923:
Hymn by Thomas O. Chisholm - William M. Runyan, by per.
Editor has insert the name of our only true God, our El {Elohim} and Father, with his sacred name YAHWEH.
~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~