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High blood pressure (hypertension) is one of the nation’s leading health problems. Forty-seven percent of adults are known to have high blood pressure and an estimated 100 million are at risk of developing it. High blood pressure greatly raises the risk of stroke, heart failure, and kidney disease. Current guidelines urge Americans to make diet and exercise changes designed to lower their blood pressure. Obesity is a major cause of hypertension. Approximately 78 percent of the high blood pressure cases in men and 65 percent in women can be directly attributed to obesity.

Compared with individuals with normal blood pressure, people with high blood pressure are relatively glucose intolerant. Insulin resistance is also a contributing factor to high blood pressure.