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Even modest adherence to the DASH diet has been associated with lower risk of allcause mortality.

Adherence to the DASH diet seems to reduce the incidence of CVDs, stroke, CHD, and heart failure (HF). According to a meta‐analysis of six prospective observational studies with follow‐up of 7–24 years, a DASH‐like diet was found to be protective against CVDs, CHD, stroke, and HF risk by 20%, 21%, 19%, and 29%, respectively.

The DASH diet has been found to significantly reduce fasting insulin concentrations, independent of weight loss, compared with a control diet. Four weeks of the DASH diet were found to reduce fasting plasma glucose and serum insulin levels and Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA‐IR) compared to a control diet. Women diagnosed with gestational diabetes mellitus at 24–28 weeks of gestation showed significant improvements in plasma glucose and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) levels, compared to the control diet, after 4 weeks on the DASH diet.

The effectiveness of the DASH diet on insulin sensitivity and inflammation has also been investigated in obese women with established polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). After 8 weeks of intervention, the subjects assigned to the DASH diet had reduced insulin concentrations and HOMA‐IR as well as high‐sensitivity C‐reactive protein (hs‐CRP), compared to those assigned to the control diet.

Adherence to a DASH dietary pattern could also be beneficial for the prevention of CKD. Several meta‐analyses have revealed a significant inverse correlation between adherence to the DASH diet and risk for the development of CKD. In addition, adherence to a DASH‐style diet is inversely associated with a risk of rapid decline in estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and microalbuminuria, but not with low eGFR (<60 ml/min/1.73 m²).

The DASH dietary pattern may also decrease the risk of cancer. In a meta‐analysis of 17 studies, of which 9 assessed the association between the DASH diet and risk of mortality from all cancer types, 4 assessed incidence of colorectal cancer, and 4 evaluated the association with the incidence of other types of cancers (i.e., breast, hepatic, endometrial, and lung cancer), it was found that high adherence to DASH was associated with decreased mortality from all cancer types; individuals with the highest adherence to the DASH diet had a lower risk of developing colorectal cancer compared to those with the lowest adherence.

A detailed description of the DASH dietary model and a sample menu plan can be found in Appendix B.2.