Читать книгу Textbook of Lifestyle Medicine - Labros S. Sidossis - Страница 102
Take‐Home Messages
ОглавлениеThe DASH dietary pattern was developed to normalize BP in patients with hypertension. Many studies since then have confirmed the positive effects of this dietary modality on BP.
The DASH dietary pattern advocates the consumption of fruits, vegetables, and low‐fat dairy products. It incorporates whole grains, poultry, fish, and nuts, while discouraging the consumption of red and processed meat, sweets, and sugary soft drinks.
The combination of the DASH diet with reduced dietary sodium intake holds the potential for further improvement of BP.
The WHO recommends sodium intake below 2000 mg/d (i.e., 5 g/d salt) for management of BP and reduced risk of CVD, stroke, and CHD.
Adherence to the DASH diet, combined with weight management and physical activity, is more beneficial for the risk of hypertension compared to the DASH diet alone.
The DASH diet might also be a good choice for weight management in overweight and obese individuals.
High levels of fiber, vitamins, minerals, trace elements, and phytochemicals found in whole grains, fruit, and vegetables combined with low levels in harmful compounds found in processed meat and sugary beverages may explain the antioxidant, anti‐atherogenic, anti‐inflammatory, antiproliferative, and anti‐tumor properties of the DASH diet.
The DASH dietary pattern has been inversely associated with the risk of CVD, CKD, and several types of cancer.
The DASH dietary pattern has beneficial effects on lipid profile, insulin sensitivity, inflammation, and oxidative stress.
Even modest adherence to the DASH diet has been associated with a lower risk of all‐cause mortality, while higher adherence to the diet appears to strengthen this risk‐reducing association.