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Essential Skills

FILLING & HOLDING

A PASTRY BAG

1 Fit a pastry bag with the desired tip. If

you don’t have a pastry bag, use a zip-

top or sandwich bag as a substitute.

2 Put the bag, tip end down, into a tall

glass and fold back the open end of

the bag over the sides of the glass.

3 If you’re adding different-colored

swirls to your meringue or frosting,

using a clean, food-safe paintbrush,

and working from the tip to the top,

paint stripes of your first food coloring

on opposite sides of the bag. Rinse the

brush, then paint your second color

on opposite sides, alternating them

with the stripes of the first color.

4 Using a spoon or rubber spatula,

scoop your meringue or frosting into

the pastry bag. If you have drawn lines

to create colored swirls, be careful not

to disturb them. Unfold the cuff, push

the contents down toward the tip, and

twist the bag closed.

5 To hold the bag for piping, grasp it at

the twist with your dominant hand and

near the tip with your other hand.

BUTTERING & FLOURING

A PAN

1 Put a pat of room-temperature unsalted butter

on a small piece of waxed paper, parchment

paper, or paper towel and spread the butter

over the bottom and sides of the pan, coating

the entire surface generously and evenly.

2 To flour the pan, butter it as directed in

Step 1, add about 2 tablespoons flour,

and then tilt and shake the pan so the

flour coats the buttered surface evenly.

Tap out the excess flour.

MEASURING INGREDIENTS

To measure most dry ingredients, dip a dry

measuring cup into the ingredient and scoop

it up so it overflows the rim. Then, using the

back of a butter knife or other straight edge,

sweep off the excess. Your ingredient should

be level with the rim of the cup. Use the

same scoop-and-sweep method when using

measuring spoons.

To measure liquid ingredients, place a liquid

measuring cup on a flat surface. Pour the

liquid into the cup until it reaches the correct

measuring line, then check the line at eye

level to ensure accuracy. If using a measuring

spoon, hold the spoon over a small bowl (to

capture any overflow) and pour in the liquid

until it is full.

10 Essential Skills