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In 1997, the UK Government’s Department of Health Committee on Medical Aspects of Food and Nutrition Policy took a rare step in publishing a report entitled Nutritional Aspects of the Development of Cancer. The World Health Organization (WHO) also acknowledges the fundamental role nutritional well-being plays in human development and the prevention of diseases like cancer and heart disease. WHO Director General Harlem Brundtland states, ‘Nutrition is a cornerstone that affects and defines the health of all people rich and poor … malnutrition makes us all vulnerable to disease.’

Recent research published in the New England Journal of Medicine, studying 45,000 pairs of twins, found that cancer is largely caused by diet and lifestyle choices rather than inherited risk.¹⁷ Identical twins, who are genetically the same, were shown to have no more than a 15 per cent chance of developing the same cancer. This suggests that most cancers are at least 85 per cent due to environmental factors such as diet, lifestyle and exposure to toxic chemicals. This study found that choices about diet, smoking and exercise accounted for 58 to 82 per cent of the cancers studied.