Читать книгу My Archive of Languages (2021 Edition) - Timo Schmitz - Страница 28

Spoken in: China, Baltistan (Pakistan), Ladakh (India), Bhutan, Mustang and Dolpo (Nepal), Sikkim (India)

Official language in: Tibet Autonomous Region (China), several prefectures in Qinghai and Sichuan (China), Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (Gansu, China), Dêqên Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (Yunnan, China), Upper Mustang (Nepal), Ladakh (India), Sikkim (India), Bhutan (Dzongkha, which is a Southern Tibetan dialect)

Speakers: more than 5 million

Scripts: Tibetan, Persian-Arabic (used to write Balti language in Pakistan)

Eastern Kham: Kangding dialect (Standard Kam Tibetan)

Spoken in: Kangding County in Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (Sichuan, China); as language of education in Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and the Kam-speaking areas in Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture (Sichuan, China), Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (Qinghai, China), Dêqên Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (Yunnan, China)

Official language in: Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture and Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture (Sichuan, China), Dêqên Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (Yunnan, China)

Speakers: c. 1.1 million people in Sichuan Province

Scripts: Tibetan

Old Western Tibetan: Ladakhi (Indian Tibetan)

Spoken in: Ladakh (India), Baltistan (Pakistan), probably also spoken by the Changpa who live in Ngari Prefecture in the PRC

Official language in: Ladakh (India) – Balti and Standard Tibetan are official languages as well

Speakers: c. 130,000

Scripts: Tibetan

Standard Tibetan/ Wü-Zang Tibetan

Spoken in: naturally spoken in the northwest, centre and south of the Tibet Autonomous Region (China); as language of education taught and used in the whole Tibet Autonomous Region; as language of religion in the Tibet Autonomous Region, Qinghai, Sichuan and Yunnan (China), as well as Ladakh and Sikkim (India), Baltistan (Pakistan), Bhutan and Nepal

Official language in: Tibet Autonomous Region (China), Upper Mustang (Nepal), Ladakh (India), Sikkim (India) – Standard forms of Kam Tibetan and Amdo Tibetan are official languages in parts of Qinghai, Yunnan, Gansu and Sichuan Provinces in China

Speakers: c. 1-3 million

Scripts: Tibetan

Eastern Kham: Yajiang speech

Spoken in: Yajiang County in Garzê Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (Sichuan, China)

Official language in: Kam Tibetan is officially used in the media and taught in schools, the Tibetan language is an official language in Yajiang County

Speakers: c. 35,000-40,000

Scripts: Tibetan

Northern Kham: Yushu dialect

Spoken in: Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture (Qinghai, China)

Official language in: Kam Tibetan is officially used in the media and taught in schools, the Tibetan language is the official language in Tibetan areas in Qinghai

Speakers: c. 280,000

Scripts: Tibetan

Southern Tibetan: Dzongkha

Spoken in: Bhutan, probably also a few speakers in Sikkim (India)

Official language in: Bhutan

Speakers: c. 600,000

Scripts: Tibetan

Southern Tibetan: Sikkimese

Spoken in: Sikkim and Darjeeling (India), Nepal, probably also a few speakers in Bhutan

Official language in: Sikkim (India)

Speakers: c. 70,000

Scripts: Tibetan

Amdo Tibetan

Spoken in: Qinghai Province, Ngawa Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture in Sichuan Province, partially in Naqu City in Tibet Autonomous Region and Xiahe County in the Gannan Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Gansu Province (China)

Official language in: Amdo Tibetan is officially used in the media and taught in schools in Qinghai

Speakers: c. 1.5-2 million

Scripts: Tibetan