Читать книгу Biopolymers for Biomedical and Biotechnological Applications - Группа авторов - Страница 39

The immune system comprises immune organs, immune cells, and immune substances and is the most important system in pathogen defense and tumor control [194]. Microalgal polysaccharides with immunomodulatory activity (Table 2.3) were able to promote macrophages response; induce mature dendritic cells (DCs); affect the functions of B cells, T cells, and NK cells; and interfere with migration and adhesion of leukocytes. Antitumor activity of microalgal EPS has been evaluated in vitro with cancer cell lines or in vivo using animal models. Anticancer activity can be direct via inducing apoptosis of cancer cells (i.e. depolarization of mitochondrial membrane) or cell cycle arrest and/or prevent metastasis or indirect by enhancing the innate immune system that leads to anticancer efficiency (i.e. nitric oxide [NO] pathway) [194,195]. Khan et al. [195] have reviewed the mechanisms behind polysaccharide's anticancer potential.