Читать книгу Kelly Vana's Nursing Leadership and Management - Группа авторов - Страница 44

A charismatic leader has an inspirational quality that promotes an emotional connection from followers. House (1971) developed a theory of charismatic leadership that described how charismatic leaders behave as well as distinguishing characteristics and situations in which such leaders would be effective. Charismatic leaders display self‐confidence, have strength in their convictions, and communicate high expectations and their confidence in others. They have been described as emerging during a crisis, communicating vision, and using personal power and unconventional strategies (Conger & Kanungo, 1987). One consequence of this type of leadership is a belief in the charismatic leader that is so strong that it becomes almost an obsession that takes over, and the leader is worshipped as if superhuman. Charismatic leaders can have a positive and powerful effect on people and organizations. Martin Luther King, Lee Iacocca, former chief executive officer (CEO) of Chrysler Corporation, and Herb Kelleher, former CEO of Southwest Airlines, are all described as charismatic leaders. This type of leader can contribute significantly to an organization, even though all the leaders in an organization are not charismatic leaders. There are also effective leaders who do not exhibit all the qualities associated with charismatic leadership. Charisma seems to be a special and valuable quality that some people have while others do not.