Читать книгу Kelly Vana's Nursing Leadership and Management - Группа авторов - Страница 54

Management is defined as a process of coordinating actions and allocating resources to achieve organizational goals. It is a process of planning, organizing and staffing, leading, and controlling actions to achieve goals. Planning involves setting goals and identifying ways to meet them. Organizing and staffing is the process of ensuring that the necessary human and physical resources are available to achieve the planning goals. It also involves assigning work to the right person or group and specifying who has the authority to accomplish certain tasks. Finally, controlling is comparing actual performance to a standard and revising the original plan as needed to achieve the goals. The daily activities of managers are diverse and fast paced, with regular interruptions. Priority activities are integrated among inconsequential ones. In the scope of one morning, a nurse manager may make serious decisions about a critically ill patient, a staff or patient complaint, a shortage of nurse staffing, and so forth. A nurse manager's work is driven by problems that emerge in random order and that have a range of importance and urgency. These circumstances create an image of the nurse manager as a firefighter involved in immediate and operational concerns. A significant proportion of a manager's time is spent in interaction with others, and more of the work is concerned with handling information than in making decisions (McCall, Morrison, & Hannan, 1978). Nurse managers constantly interact with other members of a health care administrative team. This administrative team can include nurses, various clinical practitioners, unit staff, and staff from other departments who share information and assure that quality patient outcomes are achieved.