Читать книгу Developmental Psychopathology - Группа авторов - Страница 91

In the short span of just a few years, children begin to identify as a girl or a boy, and act in ways that are characteristic of their gender. By the preschool years, girls and boys start to differ in forms of play. Boys tend to be more active, independent, “rough‐and‐tumble,” and less compliant than girls, whereas girls tend to be more verbal and nurturing. This developmental period is also when girls and boys generally start to play with same‐sex individuals, a phenomenon referred to as gender segregation (Fenson et al., 1994).

By early elementary school, children gravitate towards activities, such as sports, that are historically associated with their gender. Over time, through continued exposure and interaction with members of the same gender, children align their behavior with gender‐role norms through the process of general socialization of gender norms, through which children acquire the standards, values, and knowledge of their society as it pertains to gender.