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Polynucleotide kinase enzyme is exact reverse of alkaline phosphatase. It adds phosphate group to on the 5′ end of the DNA molecule and is extracted from phage‐infected E. coli. The reaction with polynucleotides can be made reversible, which consents the exchange of the γ‐phosphate of ATP with the 5′‐terminal phosphate of a polynucleotide, thus entangled the need of dephosphorylation the substrate DNA molecule with alkaline phosphatase (Cameron and Uhlenbeck, 1977).