Читать книгу Biomolecular Engineering Solutions for Renewable Specialty Chemicals - Группа авторов - Страница 70

Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS) are generated by normal metabolic pathway in normal body, and the production of ROS and RNS increased day by day, if body is exposed more and persistently to the unwanted higher intake of dietary xenobiotics and as well as unhealthy food. The ROS and RNS create oxidative stress by altering normal cellular functions of our body resulting in various diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, cancer, and many other complications. Naturally produced antioxidants such as various bioactive phenolic compounds naturally found in dietary sources can be effectively toiled to lower down these oxidative stresses. Certain genes encoding the enzymes such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) help to neutralize oxidative stress, and findings of naturally derived compounds to enhance expression of these genes are now days prominently explored by researchers (Kurutas, 2016). The antioxidant effect of vanillin has been reported by Deters (2008), where vanillin had moderate free radical scavenging activity (IC₅₀ of 2945 ± 247 μM) and also showed mild antioxidant activity in mouse liver microsomes (Yan‐Chun and Rong‐Liang, 1991). Likewise, antioxidant activity of vanillin is investigated using multiple antioxidant assays, which has shown potent antioxidant activity in the ABTS^∙+ scavenging assay, ORAC assay, and in OxHLI assay, while no activity has been noticed in the DPPH radical scavenging assays (Tai et al., 2011).